DRUGS AND ADDICTION ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Medications AND ADDICTION ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example Obviously, the nature of the social setting impacts a person’s assortments. In this way, it emphasizes the unmistakable quality of social variables for improving practices and addictions. The work gives clarification people’s observations and primary intentions that encourage maltreatment of explicit medications dependent on sociological hypotheses. Explicit territories of interests incorporate the representative interactionism, basic practical and struggle powers (Brent and Lewis 2013). Furthermore, hereditary elements impact people worth and societys responses. Auxiliary functionalism Interprets society as an intricate framework whose parts cooperate to animate strength and solidarity. In this manner, positive or negative individuals’ requests are results of request extreme arrangements or the nonappearance separately. Thus, tranquilize misuse is a response to the feeble or breaking down gauges in the American culture. Noteworthy modernization presents complex structures and brief social varieties. Thus, shared ethics and standards become inconclusive and vague. To a more extensive setting, the circumstance causes social precariousness, which is liable for irregularities, and social strains that expansion tranquilize misuse. In like manner, logical inconsistency between the American Government offices, medicinal services suppliers, and sponsors advances medicate use among residents. For example, the social insurance caution about threats related with the medications, advertisers love the utilization of medications and the legislature finances costs of different substances like tobacco and liquor businesses. Regardless of whether it is controlled substance or lawful items, the medications despite everything exist for human utilization. What's more, culture cultivates sedate use for instance toasting champagne with lucky man and lady of the hour. Definitively, substance misuse results from absence of a solid connections between the general public and people. Social difficulties additionally emerge from individual’s cooperation with peers. The representative interactionist

Business Communication Skills

Personnel of Business, Computing and Information Management Business Communication Skills Coursework-Critical audit and Personal Development Review Module Coordinator: Mr. Phil Vellender Module Code: BBS-6-BCS Course: MBA (FT) By Mahalakshmi Table of Contents Critical Review Do investors own the organization? 1. 1 Introduction This is a basic audit of an article distributed on the site of The Financial Times on 20 April 2012. This article was distributed in The Financial Times paper on 21 April 2012.The title of the article is ‘Shareholders become upset on banker’s pay’ by Dan McCrum and Kate Burgess from New York and London individually. The motivation behind picking this article is of my own enthusiasm on banking industry, for its fascinating data about investors, centrality and luxurious style of composing. This survey starts with an examination on the perusing and composing setting of the article, trailed by a short synopsis of key focuses, a basic assessment of language utilized, content investigation and an end. References and the article itself are likewise included toward the finish of the audit. . 2 Context As referenced previously, this article has been taken from the paper distribution ‘The Financial Times’, which is one of the biggest business news and data organization on the planet. It offers immense news, remarks, information and investigation to business network all around. It is known worldwide for its unwavering quality, authority and accuracy(http://www. ft. com/home/uk). The article identifies with current issues on the significance of investors’ vote on the company’s pay. The authors of this article examine the equivalent on various banks in United Kingdom and United States.Moreover, it brings various forecasts dependent on the effect of the investor’s vote on pay bundle. 1. 3 Summary First, the authors of the article start with the data on how the CEO of Citigroup endured a misfortune d ue to absence of its shareholders’ support on their â€Å"pay package†. Moreover, they likewise talk about that the top managerial staff think back to their compensation levels addressing themselves on what causes the speculators to lose their temper and found that poor returns of the bank’s venture to be the explanation behind losing shareholders’ patience.Second, the creators weight on the point that it is shareholders’ duty to inquiry the organization governing body about their money related position, execution and their administration procedure. They likewise express that because of the administration pressure on speculators, it is obligatory to hold a warning â€Å"say on pay† vote in favor of all US enlisted organizations. They additionally show proof on how company’s pay changes relying upon the financial specialists support by giving the factual information on two organizations like Jacobs Engineering Group and Beazer Homes. T hird, the creators contrast the US recorded organizations votes and that of UK enrolled organizations votes.They have picked Barclays bank in London for instance. As per the article, the financial specialists have chosen to decide in favor of Barclays for its arrangement yet at the same time many are taken steps to cast a ballot no. Despite the fact that, Mr Diamond is prepared to part with half of his reward and offer higher benefits to investors, still a portion of the speculators doesn't consent to give â€Å"say on pay† vote. At last, the essayists reason that the administrators who neglect to react their investors should confront its outcomes and follow through on a cumbersome cost. 1. 4 Language Analysis The language of the article vacillates between informal language and publication style.An case of publication style can be found in the start of fourth paragraph:† Boards taking a gander at their own compensation scales†¦.. restricted to the banks† and furthermore in the fifth paragraph:† Investors are have been fraying for some time†. The scholars utilizes certain verbally expressed style and besides brings up direct issues like for example,† Is it enough? † in this way pulls in the reader’s consideration. Additionally, proof of scholarly style use can be seen in barely any passages. For example, colloquialisms like † came out of the blue† and â€Å" scoured salt into their wounds† stirs the reader’s compassion on the boss executive.Paragraph length isn't excessively long with clear and suitable partition of thoughts along these lines making this article simple to peruse and comprehend. Sentences differ from short to medium or rather not very long however there is a blend of straightforward and complex in their structure. No subheadings have been utilized in this article. The title â€Å"Shareholders become upset on bankers’ pay† raises an issue and catches th e eye of the perusers. Subsequently, this will likewise help the crowd to keep perusing since they will need to realize what the subject is about and the explanation behind the problem.The scholars gives visual of Vikram Pandit, CEO of Citigroup, who is stunned and looks extremely bewildered, thinking on why investors denied to acknowledge on his compensation bundle. Be that as it may, the jargon extend is sensibly wide and standard with somewhat casual and business language. For instance, â€Å"aberration†(meaning unusual), â€Å"assertive† (which means friend), both in the fourth section and â€Å"abstentions†(meaning the demonstration of abstinence) in the eighteenth passage shows the proof of utilization of formal words. The scholars additionally utilize some oral jargon like â€Å"said† and â€Å"says†.Business jargon manifests all through the content for instance â€Å"shareholders†(line 1), â€Å"pay package†(line 8),†say on pay†() or â€Å"profits†. The content kind of this article is by all accounts pugnacious as the scholars raise an inquiry to the perusers on whether the investors has the option to assume job on choosing the compensation bundle for the officials of the organization and step up to the plate on tolerating or evading the compensation board. Moreover, this article was additionally enlightening as it gives subtleties on how the investors are influenced by various banker’s pay bundle and their reward without achieving real achievement. . 5 Content Analysis The substance of the article is efficient and easy to comprehend for perusers who are progressively keen on financials because of its business language and solid focuses. As an understudy who is keen on fund, this article is by all accounts intriguing and enlightening one as it gives the present news on investors job on an organization (here is the situation of banks) and talks about the outcomes of losing compan y’s shareholders’ support and their warning on ‘say on pay’ vote at yearly meetings.This article mostly conveys new information for visit perusers of this magazine about the importance of the company’s investors support. Then again, this article passes on a progression of fascinating mindfulness and speculation where he falls back with legitimate evidence. As an American and British, the creators show a proof of good information on the money related execution and arrangement of occasions of various firms that happen in each organization yearly gathering. The manner in which the journalists develop the debate is easy to follow and understand.The creators have clarified from their perspective on investors setting up compensation boards of trustees and re-races in the UK and US economy. No elective perspective is shown. A portion of the factual information from the article are accepted to make it credible however maybe it is significant case to honesty for me is that I totally concur with the author’s perspective. 1. 6 taking everything into account, the article presents an intriguing perspective on investors obligations and option to play the main job regarding reimbursement.With clear models, the article shows the consequences for investors’ vote on banker’s pay. The creators close by expressing that the choice made on Barclay will come to know simply after the gathering. The language run is run of the mill of the distribution, far reaching, ordinary and with plentiful of business terms. As I would like to think, the article is a decent decision for account and advertising understudies in understanding progressively about the investor’s job. In general, it gives a reasonable point of view on a rising promoting pattern on the planet today. 2. Self-awareness Plan Review 2. 1 IntroductionAny individual will need to build up their own objectives and make them practicable inside a particular timeframe. So as to accomplish this, it is important to set up a ‘Personal Development Plan’(PDP). As indicated by the rules for HE progress records, PDP is characterized as â€Å"a organized and bolstered process embraced by a person to think about their own learning, execution as well as accomplishment and to get ready for their own, instructive and profession development†. Being one of the modules in my course, I have been approached to set up my self-awareness plan for correspondence skills.In this audit, it begins with the four stage model utilized for my PDP and finishes with an end. 2. 2 Four-advance Model In request to set up my self-awareness plan, I have utilized a straightforward model, as suggested in our business relational abilities module control. This model comprises of four stages which are as per the following: 1. Recognize what you have to create/improve * Enhance my scholarly composing abilities * Develop my talking style, enhance my jargon, tone and pace while giving an oral introduction * Learn how to do speed perusing * figure out how to make appropriate notes-note taking 2. Distinguish how you can accomplish your intends To improve my scholastic composing abilities, I will work on composing expositions, read books about scholarly composition and focus on the talks on the equivalent. * Listen to news and radio, speak with my schoolmates and show dynamic cooperation in bunch conversation so as to develop my style of talk

School Uniforms Essay Sample free essay sample

School outfits. the subject that leaves California bantering for decennaries has made its way into the Supreme Court. be that as it may, has non been settled completely. States are as yet open whether outfits ought to be implemented. be that as it may, insights show endless supply of school garbs. the general offense rate has diminished by 91 % and student suspension had other than dropped by 90 % . School regalia ought to be upheld on the grounds that outfits help hinder judgment among students. they are less expensive than insouciant vesture. also, they energize a feeling of subject. To get away from. judgment among understudies is an overall activity. Roughly 160. 000 teenagers play hooky each twenty-four hours in view of solid outfitting. A significant number of these teenagers are alienated because of the way that they can non manage the cost of the name exchange name vesture. which can take to discouragement or a powerlessness to focus on school task. In spite of the fact that regalia can non stop terrorizing. it will at any rate forestall understudies who aren’t dressed fitting to the most recent propensities from procuring singled out for their pick of array. We will compose a custom exposition test on School Uniforms Essay Sample or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Second. families of lower classes will have the option to manage the cost of vesture for understudies at an a lot less expensive expense in the long count. School outfits can rescue guardians a group of cash. as they would only require to buy their children array for the end of the week and specific events. Albeit a few guardians accept that regalia cost more than buying clothes for school and the ends of the week. regalia are intended to be all the more enduring contrasted with insouciant vesture. what's more, will last thirster while as yet looking decent. Last. guardians will other than rescue cash when children grow out of their garbs. for they would simply require to buy all things considered 5 support of outfits on the other hand of supplanting their children’s entire pantry. passing a standard of more than $ 1. 700 a twelvemonth. Ultimately. regalia help comprehend subject in school task. School unvarying makes understudies take a gander at their guidance genuinely. A student seting on their uniform and going to class resembles an adult seting on a suit and going to work. consequently. makes an increasingly genuine contribution in school task. Fitting to head. Ramon Leyba of Sweetwater High School. â€Å"The boss result is a general advancement in the school clime and a more noteworthy point of convergence on positive conduct. A huge segment of that is from garbs. † On the different manus. many will express that school garbs make understudies progressively defiant and are simply another restriction on studentsâ€℠¢ opportunity. be that as it may, a student’s independence is non dependent on how they dress. be that as it may, is their territory of head. On the other hand. measurements says that suspension had decreased by roughly 90 % and guardians have other than asserted that students were increasingly spurred while making prep. In choice. students will be progressively focussed in school with regalia. Study other than shows that executing garbs will reduce future offense rate and student suspension. School garbs ought to be required in light of the fact that regalia help thwart judgment among understudies. they are reasonable. also, they energize a feeling of subject. I ask you. to do school garbs a necessity to a student’s school twenty-four hours. for garbs will offer incredible advancements to students and their guidance.

The Etextbook Essay Samples Chronicles

The Etextbook Essay Samples Chronicles You don't need to return to school to prepare for the GED test. GED Online permits you to prepare for the GED test by employing online classes and practice tests. Generally speaking, students are requested to compose assignments which take between 30 minutes and an entire hour. In such a scenario, a student is needed to choose an ideal topic to write about. The Chronicles of Etextbook Essay Samples Begin with general subjects that you are conversant with then narrow down to a certain topic. Students have to compose essays based on the teacher's instructions or their preferred style in writing. The simplest approach to set the kind of an essay is to realize the writer's point of view. The success of the entire essay directly depends upon how good you present the supporting facts. When you settle on this issue and select the position on which you will base your essay, the remainder of the job can then begin. The principal element whic h produces a persuasive essay in English stand out from the remainder of assignments is the use of reasoning. The aim of a persuasive essay is to convince your readers your viewpoint is the appropriate viewpoint. Most academic essay topics usually ask you to choose a side in an argument or maybe to defend a specific side against criticism. Weave in your perspective to earn your essay unique. In this way, you're going to be in a position to know for sure what your essay is all about before devising your thesis. In most high schools, your capability of writing this kind of essay is going to be evaluated in class. The significance of research in persuasive writing cannot be overstated. While attempting to learn how to compose a persuasive essay step-by-step, students forget about another crucial activity. Practice tests are the best method to receive ready. Facts, Fiction and Etextbook Essay Samples Let's take a quick glance at them. A persuasive speech is provided for the use of persuading the audience to feel a particular way, to take a specific action, or to support a particular vi ew or cause. Readers have to be able to adapt the standpoint of the author and see from her or his eyes on where he or she's coming from. For girls, having balanced mental wellness is essential to getting a thriving academic career. You may trust us to give expert assistance for many of your academic writing needs. You will see people with more money indulging in dangerous activities attempting to fill the void they cannot explain. There are some people who believe that the more income which you have, the happier you are. What to Expect From Etextbook Essay Samples? Nobody can argue that America has been formed by men and women who migrated from Europe, in addition to other nations. Students shouldn't have to wear uniforms. They should not have to wear school uniforms because they limit students' ability to express their individuality. Students and teachers can buy balanced lunch and drinks aside from alcohol, that enables them to feel nice and study far better. What You M ust Know About Etextbook Essay Samples Be attentive when selecting the company that you can trust. Don't forget that any argumentative essay sample you'll discover on the internet will require a full rewriting in order to prevent plagiarism. Reading electronically, there are lots of of sites that could give the reader books at no cost and some that sells them at a more affordable price. It is essential for writers to preview their principal points in the precise order they will be developed. Your persuasive essay will have many paragraphs. You should incorporate a distinct phrase for every one of your topics of assessment. As any guide on how best to compose a persuasive essay will inform you, your essay has to be organized in paragraphs with a logical progression from 1 paragraph to the next. The goal of brainstorming is to help you receive ideas. Such a paragraph might incorporate a concise overview of the ideas to be discussed in body of the paper along with other information related to your paper's argument. In your introduction paragraph, it is sufficient to introduce the topic and offer meaningful background details. Topic sentences clearly state the aim of the paragraph. The remaining portion of the paragraph should argue the principal point. The 5-Minute Rule for Etextbook Essay Samples There's no ideal solution on how best to compose an effective essay. The simplest approach to compose a superior persuasive essay is to chose a topic you're confident in. Qualities of a great persuasive essay topic The topic needs to be specific. Selecting an excellent topic for your essay is among the most essential and frequently tricky parts for many students. Which is the reason why we here offer you some persuasive essay samples that could assist you with your own. Before writing any form of academic paper, it is very important to choose the subject, and the persuasive essay isn't the exception. Sample persuasive essays can also offer inspiration on topics to write on in addition to serve as examples about how to compose your essay. The greatest persuasive short essays often concentrate on controversial problems.

Panopticism Case Study - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 318 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/06/24 Category Education Essay Level High school Tags: Philosophy Of Education Essay Did you like this example? These two certain spaces are the areas in which deviations of the social kept. In any case, Foucault investigated surveillance control comprehensively including the day by day life. This power is called as panopticism encasing the social with both veered off and sensible parts together; however it generally decreases each other. Panopticism is a sort of administration technique relying upon a specific surveillance handling with lessening the articles to the standard. That means, panopticism incorporates both panopticon (surveillance in certain-restriction space) and digressive power (empowering constrainment by speaking to digest standard) with the end goal to arrange the social by adjusting alive-free bodies into submissive oppressed bodies. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Panopticism Case Study" essay for you Create order The hospital and the jail are the main instances of panopticism, since they imply the surveillance of digressed some portion of the social (anomalous, detainee). Then again, they control the social in a roundabout way since they are spoken to as the exclusionary spaces for typical individuals. Moreover, as Foucault contended, the advanced every day schedule spaces (school, plant, office, and so forth.) are planned like panoptic spaces; this is the proof that cutting edge control controls the ordinary and routine life like it controls the strayed parts of the social. This is the thing that the panopticism is; standardization of intensity in day by day schedules; and surveillance is the fundamental component of that sort of intensity. In the contemporary writing, surveillance has been talked about in two different ways: right off the bat, technical-technological limit in surveillance has progressed, and furthermore, surveillance itself has turned into a day by day schedule in the peoples day by day lives. This is called as post panopticon which signs a move from panopticon by belligerence that surveillance is not any more a power technique, rather it is s cultural device utilized by individuals.Surveillance does never again speak to a power technique having a place legislative reason, in light of the fact.

The Civil Rights Law For Children With Disabilities

Throughout history there have been many educational mandates and laws in which have provided more opportunities for equal educational access. Section 504, the first Civil Rights Law for protection of students with disabilities was signed into law in 1973. This paved the way to many rights for students with disabilities to have a Free, Appropriate, Public, Education. This law in essence means, no program, that receives federal funds, can discriminate based upon their disability in which substantially limits one more more major life functions. Throughout this paper I will be reviewing the historical perspective on Section 504, the federal and state mandates, legal cases pertaining to Section 504, current issues, and applying the information to my current districts implementation of 504 plans. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 was a legal protection for people with disabilities. It is a civil rights law in which prohibits any discrimination against people in any programs from discriminating. Congressman Charles Vanik from Ohio, and Senator Humphrey from Minnesota, proposed this amendment to the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. It is a civil rights mandate, not a special education law. When examining schools and educational systems, in the past, there seemed to be detrimental experiences in which students with a handicap and/or disability were discriminated upon. They needed a mandate and legal protection in which protected them in order to receive equalShow MoreRelatedEducation For All Handicapped Children Act1063 Words   |  5 Pages These laws listed below were unfortunately put in place to fight the ignorance and blatant discrimination disabled people were faced with. While these laws are a blessing to many, the fact that they had to be put in place reflec t terribly, but truthfully on how many people see people with disabilities. My only hope is that one day these laws will be unnecessary, because people will start to treat those with disabilities according to their needs. IDEA; Individuals with Disabilities EducationRead MoreThe Disabled With Disabilities Act1541 Words   |  7 PagesJust like any other minority, the disabled have been discriminated throughout history. Disabilities can be composed of physical or mental handicaps and discrimination has always occurred for both. It has historically been difficult for the disabled to not only find employment, but also to keep acceptable employment. These individuals also have had trouble being treated properly on the job. Transportation has also been an issue because many of the disabled cannot move or get around as easily asRead MoreThe Civil Rights Act Of 19641245 Words   |  5 Pagesliberty and a continual fight for civil rights for those with disabilities. One of the most influential times for change in the lives of disabled Americans occurred during the 1960s and 1970s, and became know as the Disability Rights Movement. Structured Inequality/Rationale: After the world wars and Vietnam War, there were many disabled American veterans who faced challenges and prejudice they had not experienced before. Alongside those fighting in the Civil Rights Movement were disabled veteransRead Moreunit 202 outcome 1.1772 Words   |  4 PagesNvq level 2 stls Unit 204 outcome 1.1 The equality act 2010 provides a modern single legal framework with clear laws to be more effective in tackling discrimination and disadvantages. It covers the following areas- †¢ Age †¢ Disability †¢ Gender reassignment †¢ Marriage and Civil partnership †¢ Race †¢ Religion or belief †¢ Sex †¢ Sexual orientation We also have our own policies in school to cover equality. There is- †¢ S.E.N. †¢ Racial Equality †¢ Equal opportunities †¢ These explainRead MoreAmericans With Disability Act Essay1180 Words   |  5 Pageswith Disabilities Act began long before it was originally introduced to Congress in 1988. (Mayerson, 1992). There isn’t one person responsible for the ADA but rather thousands of Americans who have fought for the rights of people with disabilities and constantly worked to make their lives easier. People with disabilities for a long time were thought of as outsiders in society and were shunned by the majority. It wasn’t until the 1900’s when organizations by and for people with disabilities explodedRead MoreThe Impact Of Special Education On Children With Disabilities1366 Words   |  6 Pagesthe advances in the special education system, people with disabilities still face discrimination. According to the Human Rights Watch (HRW) report, â€Å"Barriers Everywhere,† Russia has approximately 13 million people with disabilities, including 700,000 children and young adults, yet the environment is still not accessible for people with impairments. In the 20th century, during the Soviet Era, disability was invisible to the public and children with impairments were segregated and taken to faraway institutionsRead MoreThe American With Disabilities Act971 Words   |  4 Pages The American with Disabilities Act was signed into law on July 26, 1990, by President George H.W. Bush. (Mayerson, 1992). According to Hallahan, Kauffman, Pullen (2015, P, 14) â€Å"the ADA provides protection of the civil rights in the specific areas of employment, transportation, public, accommodation, State and local government, and telecommunication. According to Mayerson (1992, P1) â€Å"the ADA did not began at the signing ceremony at the White House, but it began in the communities, when parentsRead MoreThe Way Back Then People With Disabilities1414 Words   |  6 PagesWay back then people with disabilities weren t able to have jobs or not even be able to be transportation . Where they had needed to go and they had fought through it and they got together with the government and now they have sidewalk for the people in wheel chairs and the people who are blind they have like service dogs. And like where they have the hospitals and under the door number the have like little dots for the blind can read it by touching the little dots. They people that do that for theRead MoreThe American Disability Act ( Ada )1176 Words   |  5 Pages Disability has been a function historical to justify inequality for any disabled people, but in addition has also helped so many women, and minorities. Over the years there have been many models that can explain disability law. There is a social model which argues that it is the environment, that basically caused those traits to limit the functions; therefore creating disability. Another model that people tend to use when looking at disability is the normative claim, which his that disability shouldRead MoreHistory of Spec ial Education1367 Words   |  6 Pageshistory of special education. It would further discuss the laws associated with Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Furthermore, this paper will address the current and future challenges the laws have on special education. All children are created differently with different talents and abilities. Some are tall, others are short. Some are big, others are small. Not only are their physical attributes different, but children also adapt to different teaching styles. However, the differences

Development of Mathematical Thinking in Children-Free-Samples

Question: Describe the nature and development of Mathematical thinking and numeracy process in children. Answer: Introduction Mathematics, is one such subject which has a very deep impact on all the areas of life such as societal, personal as well as municipal. Hence being educated in the subject of mathematics is considered to be one of the most crucial part for development of opportunities for youth. However the most unfortunate part of this subject is that it is a struggling one for many and thereby they become unresponsive towards mathematics as they keep on facing hurdles with respect to engagement. As is discussed by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, the power of mathematics takes into account the capability of a person to discover, guess and reason rationally and further to this also build such ideas within mathematics and amongst other rational activity. There are various theoretical perspective of learning mathematics of which constructivism and behaviourism are two of them. The said essay discusses about and compares these two perspectives and also how in todays world the way of tea ching and learning mathematics has undergone a drastic change. Theoritical Perspective- Constructivism In Learning And Teaching Mathematics Mathematics is one subject which cannot be taught. Teachers have the role of stimulation within the children so as to aspire to learn the subject. It is a well known fact that students tend to learn mathematics only once they develop their own way of understanding the subject. A constructive perspective states that a teachers role is to ensure that a child learns about a particular subject by providing him/her with such a resource enriched surrounding through which they would guide a students learning. It has various features to offer such as it supports the idea that knowledge is not something that is achieved from the surrounding but something that is created uniquely by each child (Cey 2001). Children today develop new geometric awareness by reflecting on their material and psychological actions. Ideas are said to be constructed when kids incorporate them into their present knowledge base. It is the interpretations of the world that is important and they are formed by experiences. Thus learning of mathematics may be considered as a procedure of adapting to and organizing ones quantitative world rather than digging out the ideas which already have been discovered by someone else in the past (Clements Battista 2009). Mathematical skills and truths are basically formed by the culture around. Thereby, when a teacher asks the students to solve a particular problem in a specific manner, then they are actually putting a hurdle on their constructive thought process, thus curtailing and hampering the growth of the brain. It is one of the best suited and most sought after perspective for learning mathematics in todays world as it helps to serve two main goals. Firstly, children tend to develop such mathematical structures which are complex, abstract and powerful as compared to what they already possess. This helps them to handle such issues and problem which are complicated also in a number of ways. Secondly, the constructive theoretical perspective enables the children to become self-dependent, as well as self-motivated in their mathematical actions. They have a notion that mathematics is a solution to resoling various other problems. They are of the idea that it is the environment, experience as well as self exploration which helps to gain mathematical knowledge rather than being taught by the teacher as any other subject (Bhowmik 2014). Thus instead of giving weightage to only those ways and methods which are already spelt by eminent mathematicians, students try to develop their own unique ways of resolving problems. Thus the said perspective looks upon at the teachers as a guide and not a sage. The Behaviourist Theory Another widely used theoretical perspective in the teaching and learning of mathematics is behaviourist theory. Behaviourism is a theory of learning that deliberates upon impartially apparent behaviours and does not take into account any self-governing activities of the mind. Thus the reactions which happen due to external surroundings, ultimately become habituated and the behaviour is then learned. Thus the said perspective emphasis upon teaching mathematics to students basis certain set methods, ways and formulas without allowing much of deviations, thereby hampering any kind of constructive development of the mind (Coz 2011). Thus it can be rightly said that the behavioural model promotes learning in the form of repeated and learned activities and actions. However, many may prefer this traditional perspective, but even then the flaws it has makes the constructive perspective more logical and acceptable in case of mathematics. The said theory is not best suited to the particular subject as, constructivist instruction provides unsurpassed and paramount value to the growth and augmentation of a childs personal arithmetical ideas. In contrast to the same, the behaviourist perspective gives weightage to only set and pre-defined arithmetical techniques, formulas and concepts. For example, even if most of the teachers are seen continuously utilising existing resources to initiate data, they use them only for an opening, whereas the main aim is to get the conceptual, figurative and recognized mathematics. Unfortunately this theory, unconsciously and involuntarily devalues the brains capacity to think logically and distinguish between the right and wrong (Kinder Carnine, 1991). The students develop a feeling that their instinctive ideas and te chniques are not associated to actual mathematics. But when it comes to constructive perspective, students are asked to find their own techniques for resolution of mathematical problems. They are asked to rack their brains and find a way out to the solution rather than just copying the other persons method stereotypes. This does not mean that the teacher is not required. It simply means that the teacher is required in this kind of an approach as well but for guidance and not spelling out the technique of resolving a mathematical problem. A teacher following the former approach, offer specific tasks and activities and also provides the opportunities for conversation, guides the focus of the attention of children, thereby inconspicuously unswerving their learning. Hence it can be rightly said that behavioural perspective of learning and teaching mathematics fails to bring about reorganizations within students which is successfully done by the constructive approach. Why Has Learning And Teaching Of Mathematics Has Left Behind Rehearsal It can therefore be rightly said that learning and teaching of mathematics is no more restricted towards application of preset formulas and methods but rather full of creativity and construction of ideas as well. It has been almost thirty years wherein constructivism has been ruling the learning theory of mathematics as student engagement is of utmost importance for ensuring that the subject is liked by the student and the interest is developed (Attard 2015). Mathematics is one such subject which helps in the development of logical reasoning skills. Self concept in mathematics is the road to success in this subject and also personal life. There has been a significant shift from the rehearsal methodology of teaching mathematics to that of engaging pedagogy which is more fun and creative in nature (Klinger 2015). In this world of globalisation, deep rooted understanding of logics is a must which cannot be learnt via certain techniques but can use them learnt through experience and constructive development of ideas. Mathematics is one such subject which demands development of such skills which would help the students solve such issues and problems which may otherwise not be possible via certain preset formulas, simply because of their ability to learn the subject by application of various models. The engaging pedagogy, unlike the behaviourist theoretical perspective, calls for the teachers to use such a method which would encourage the students to build upon each others ideas and perspectives and to discuss about the problem amongst themselves till such an extent that they have been able to develop a shared understanding of a concept (Long 2011). By getting away the age old method of teacher opening the book, mathematics has become more of a playful subject wherein students are made to be a pa rt of the classroom and thereby forced to construct new ways of resolving problems (Cresswell 2016). This shift has led to involvement and development of interest of many students towards this subject which otherwise was being lost. Students were lacking the space to think and re-think until the problem was resolved and thus this method helped mathematical engagement. Conclusion Thereby on a concluding note, with reference to mathematics learning and teaching for those students who are anti-maths, the age old method has to be left as the said disengaging predagogy has many deficiencies which has a direct negative implication on them towards the subject. Student engagement gives way to development of self-confidence, self-efficiency as well as personality of a student. They are made to feel a part of the subject and the fact that their ideas are also given weightage helps them develop greater interest towards learning that subject. Constructivism has changed the outlook of teaching and learning of mathematics greatly wherein students are guided by their teachers who no more emphasise upon only application of stereotypes formulas, but welcome ideas and solutions to a problem in various ways. Lastly, students found it authorizing to be able to show their efforts and to have the occasion to rationalize their selections in an atmosphere where everyone is respecte d and appreciated for the efforts being put in. Those who were disengaged also showed interest and were inclined towards application of engaging predagogy which involved fun, playful and creative ways and means of learning. References: Attard,C. (2015). Engaging teachers to engage students with mathematics : Building teacher capacity through sustained professional development. Retrieved from https://www.westernsydney.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/864168/Engaging_Teachers_to_Engage_Students_with_Mathematics-Final_Report_for_web.pdf Bhowmik,M. (2014). Constructivism approach in mathematics teaching and assessment of mathematical understanding. Retrieved from https://basicresearchjournals.org/education/pdf/Monoranjan.pdf Cey,T. (2001). Moving towards Constructivist Classrooms. Retrieved from https://etad.usask.ca/802papers/ceyt/ceyt.htm Cox,M.W. (2011). The Effects of Behaviorist And Constructivist Instruction On Student Performance In College- Level Remedial Mathematics. Retrieved from https://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/bitstream/handle/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9920/COX-DISSERTATION.pdf Clements,D.H. Battista,M.T. (2009). Constructivist Learning and Teaching. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/E-ZONE/Downloads/751_chapter.pdf Cresswell,J. (2016). Disengagement, Pedagogical Eros and (the undoing of?) Dialogic pedagogy. Dialogic Pedagogy: AN International Online Journal. 4. 27-46. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/E-ZONE/Downloads/182-722-2-PB.pdf Kinder,D. Carnine,D. (1991). Direct Instruction: What it is and what it is becoming. Journal of Behavioral Education. 1, 193-213 Klinger,C.M. (2015). Behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism or connectivism ? Tackling mathematics anxiety with isms for a digital age. Retrieved from https://www.alm-online.net/images/ALM/proceedings/alm16/Articles/15klinger.pdf Long,A.M. (2011). Engaging and Disengaging : a Qualitative Study of Middle School Girls and Mathematics. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1139context=graddis

Tim Burton Cinematic Techniques Essay Example

Tim Burton: Cinematic Techniques Paper Cinematic Techniques used by Tim Burton in His Movies Tim Burton main style of movie is Gothic. There are many different types of cinematic techniques all used to communicate meaning and evoke different emotional reactions with the viewers. In most of his movies he is trying to evoke a gothic feeling. For example he uses sound, lighting, and different types of shots and framing. You can observe some of those techniques in his movies, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Beetle Juice, Edward Scissor Hands and more. Sound is a main cinematic technique that Tim Burton uses. There are two types of sound, diegetic and non-diegetic. Those types of sounds are used in different ways. A diegetic sound is one that could logically be heard by the characters in a film. Non-diegetic is one that cannot be heard by the characters but is designed for audience reaction only. Sound also sets the mood for a scene. For example, in Edward scissor hands, when the woman was showing him around their house for the first time a happy upbeat sound was playing to set a happy mood. Another example is when the woman went up into Edwards’s house; dark sad music was playing to match the scary setting. We will write a custom essay sample on Tim Burton: Cinematic Techniques specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tim Burton: Cinematic Techniques specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tim Burton: Cinematic Techniques specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In most films sound will match the setting or mood of the scene. However even though sound is a factor in setting the mood of a film, lighting also plays a role. Lighting is a part of the scene. If the setting of the scene is dark and gloomy the lighting will be low key, which is when the scene is flooded with shadows and darkness to portray suspense or suspicion. If the setting of the scene is a bright flower garden, the lighting will mostly be High key, which means the scene is flooded with light creating a bright mood. An example of Tim Burton using these would be in Charlie and the Chocolate Factory; when everything and everyone was black and white unless it was a part of Willy Wonka. He used low key with everything black and white except Willy Wonka things to evoke the viewer’s emotions to feel as though, if you weren’t apart of Willy Wonka then you were not bright, colorful, and happy. This same technique is used in some of his other movies. A shot is a single piece of film uninterrupted by cuts. In Tim Burton’s movies, you may not notice, but he uses multiple types of shots. A few are, long shot, which is shot from distance, shows isolation or vulnerability of the person, and Medium shot, which is when the camera is medium distance away from character, and it is usually used to ground the story. An example of long shot is during the movie Beetle Juice; Beetle Juice was sitting on the grave stone alone shot from a long distance, the shot portrayed a sense of vulnerability and loneliness. Also in the movie Beetle juice, when the family and guests dance around the table singing, it is shot at a medium distance, which makes it a medium shot, which grounded the story. So as you can see there are many different types of cinematic techniques used to communicate meaning and evoke different emotional reactions with the viewers. Sound, lighting, and shot type are only a few; there are many other important cinematic techniques that Tim Burton uses. You can observe more techniques and really notice which ones he uses and understand why in his movies. A couple would be Beetle Juice, Edwards Scissors Hands, Charlie and The Chocolate Factory, and many more.

Free Essays on Cannery Row

Cannery Row By John Steinbeck This book took place in Monterey. This book is about a real-life street in Monterey. This street is one of America's most talked about streets. This story is about the events that took place in that town and street one week. It’s during the aftermath of the depression. A major character in the story is Dora. She has orange hair and always wears green evening dresses. Dora owns a place called the Bear Flag Restaurant. It is a whore house. Dora gives money to the Chamber of Commerce, Red Cross, Boy Scouts, Community Chest, and Police Department, so she can keep her illegal business open. Another character is an old Chinese man. Some think he is a God and some think he is death and comes to get the dead at night. All the people of Cannery Row are scared of him except for a ten year old boy named Andy. Andy was there visiting family and didn't know all the rumors of him. Andy would watch the old Chinese man come in and out of the water each night. One night he decided to approach the old man. The old Chinese man talked to the little boy for about two hours and then returned to the water. No one ever heard what they talked about. There was something strange about him, he had one brown eye and one green eye. Then there is Mack and the boy s. Mack is the main leader of his group. He is a drunk and lives in an old vacant building. Your typical bum. He conned the building from the town grocer. Eddie is an understudy bartender. He fills in at the local bars when needed. Every time he works he steals alcohol for â€Å"the boys.† He lives with Mack. Next is Hazel, who was named after his mother's sister. He is also a poor drunk. Hazel helps the Doc of the town because he loves to help with the animals. Guy is a mechanic. This character was married but he left his wife to live with Mack, because he was tired of being tied down. Most of these guys like to beg of... Free Essays on Cannery Row Free Essays on Cannery Row Cannery Row By John Steinbeck This book took place in Monterey. This book is about a real-life street in Monterey. This street is one of America's most talked about streets. This story is about the events that took place in that town and street one week. It’s during the aftermath of the depression. A major character in the story is Dora. She has orange hair and always wears green evening dresses. Dora owns a place called the Bear Flag Restaurant. It is a whore house. Dora gives money to the Chamber of Commerce, Red Cross, Boy Scouts, Community Chest, and Police Department, so she can keep her illegal business open. Another character is an old Chinese man. Some think he is a God and some think he is death and comes to get the dead at night. All the people of Cannery Row are scared of him except for a ten year old boy named Andy. Andy was there visiting family and didn't know all the rumors of him. Andy would watch the old Chinese man come in and out of the water each night. One night he decided to approach the old man. The old Chinese man talked to the little boy for about two hours and then returned to the water. No one ever heard what they talked about. There was something strange about him, he had one brown eye and one green eye. Then there is Mack and the boy s. Mack is the main leader of his group. He is a drunk and lives in an old vacant building. Your typical bum. He conned the building from the town grocer. Eddie is an understudy bartender. He fills in at the local bars when needed. Every time he works he steals alcohol for â€Å"the boys.† He lives with Mack. Next is Hazel, who was named after his mother's sister. He is also a poor drunk. Hazel helps the Doc of the town because he loves to help with the animals. Guy is a mechanic. This character was married but he left his wife to live with Mack, because he was tired of being tied down. Most of these guys like to beg of...

Prosecution of the Early Church Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Prosecution of the Early Church - Essay Example Prosecution only strengthened ideas and dogmas promulgated by the early church leaders and became a driven force of church expansion and developments. The period of the Early Church covers the periods when the books of the New Testament had been written. (100-4010 AD). The main record of the Church's earliest expansion depends on two divergent, but necessarily complementary literary sources; the Christian apologists and the pagan authors. The outline of the picture presented by both is remarkably consistent, though here and there details may be hazy and liable to more than one interpretation, very rarely however in matters of substance. A further feature of Christian history is its continuity from the first century down to our own day; indeed it may be said of the Church that no other institution of comparable antiquity is so completely documented. The amount of original manuscript that survives is naturally infinitesimal in quantity compared with the volume of works preserved for us by generations of copyists; yet where it does exist, it rarely contradicts, and nearly always confirms the literary and historical tradition. Inscrip tions form an important body of original material, but in an era of insecurity, and sometimes of actual persecution, purely Christian sentiments were more often not openly expressed. Historians suppose that persecution of the Early Church has a great impact on its expansion and proliferation of its ideas to other territories and countries. The Early Days of the Church In the earliest years, the Romans saw Christianity as a sect of Judaism. Suetonius, in his life of Claudius, records the expulsion of the Jews from Rome, who 'continually created disturbances at the instigation of Chrestus'. Suetonius apparently did not even realize that Chrestus, or Christ, was not a living Jewish leader of that time2. The Jews themselves reacted strongly enough against the new religion which they regarded as striking at the very foundations of their law, and their opposition would have been far more formidable than in fact it was, had they not been temporarily annihilated politically after the destruction of the Second Temple by Titus in 70. There is only a thin line dividing religious from political persecution, since the former is so often a pretext for the latter; thus, Pelikan is chiefly concerned with the relations of Christians with the civil power, and first and foremost with the civil power of Rome3. It would be wrong to lay any but the ultimate responsibil ity for the martyrdom of St Polycarp and a few others at the door of Antoninus. In general he followed in the relatively humane policies of his predecessors Hadrian and Trajan, whereby Christians were not to be hunted down nor, if charged, condemned, unless they could be proved to have broken the laws--an escape clause which included refusal to sacrifice to the Emperor as a god. A long period of comparative peace for the Church was abruptly ended by the accession of Antoninus' adopted son, Marcus Aurelius (161-180)4. The Period of Marcus Aurelius A

GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY Essay - 1

GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY - Essay Example The role of PSI was to demarcate the areas that required improvement or modifications. The issues identified by PSI were not specific to CVS; rather, it included the complaints from customers regarding cancellation of orders, and wastage of time at the pick-up spot. Analyzing the situation and its complication, the first question that comes in the mind is what could be the solution, or what steps must be taken in order to make the difference? Since the problems are common with other pharmacy stores, it demands something innovative, and in this regard, one has to answer the question, could disruptive innovation and quality management help in overcoming the difficulties of this company? Companies can innovate three ways. Firstly, New and Improved products should be introduced to target the high-margin customers to whom old products are not satisfying enough. Secondly, to the customers who can’t afford much, cheap alternatives should be launched of the existing expensive products which can fulfil their requirements without being a burden to their pockets, and lastly, new products should be introduced in order to create new markets and bring fresh consumers. (Christensen et al., 2004) Disruptive innovation refers to mode of expanding and establishing new customer base, by adding services or introducing newer products and technology that may disrupt the existing market linkages. In contrast to disruptive innovation there is sustainable innovation that does not affect the existing market linkages; rather it aims at adding value to the products or services. However, defeating incumbents with sustainable innovation is very hard. The problems with CVS are common in almost all the companies that deal in pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, the margin for innovation remains very narrow, because the stakes are too high, and the safety of the customer is top priority. The problems

John Proctor - The Crucible Essay Example for Free

John Proctor The Crucible Essay Supporting this claim further are several lines from Miller’s pre-introductory notes; â€Å"His [Putnam’s] vindictive nature was demonstrated long before witchcraft began. † Not only does this reinforce our trust within the character of John Proctor, it always creates a likeness within him in the mind of the audience. Miller strives to achieve this more-so through Proctor’s defense of his absent wife to Abigail who aims to smite her; â€Å"You’ll speak nothin’ of Elizabeth! † This is due to the fact loyalty is an undisputable likeable trait. The moment our emotions towards John Proctor are challenged lay upon his treating of his housemaid upon the warrant of his wife to be arrested. Proctor handles her violently, though it is somewhat partially excused due to its honest aim: to free his wife. Thus, the challenging of our sympathetic yet simultaneously self-righteous attitude to Proctor, only succeeds in strengthening it, through the apparent pardoning of his actions for their good intentions. It becomes apparent the good moral of John Proctor, within his decision to risk the definite pardon of his wife in order to aim to release his fellow innocent towns folk during the court scene of the play; â€Å"I – I think I cannot. † Ironically, this portrays Proctor as one of the only Puritan’s of the play, as he strives to surpass his own greed, in strive to clear his conscience and do what is best for the village. His true Puritan values are also apparent earlier in the play when he suggests his uttermost disgust at Reverend Parris’ indulgence of â€Å"golden candlesticks. † Likewise, Proctors morality influences his decision to inform the court of his lechery with Abigail Williams. For this reason, Proctor rises even further in our levels of admiration. â€Å"I have known her, sir I have known her. † This line signifies Proctors fulfillment of complete morality, as he confesses his sins in hope to release innocent victims. Proctor becomes somewhat heroic at this point, as lechery is a highly punishable crime at these times. The final bout in which Proctor reaches our highest admiration comes at the end of the play, when he decides he would rather face hanging, than lying in the face of God. This selfless deed is what separates Proctor from the rest of the townspeople. His morality proves unrivalled, after several hints at its strength earlier in the play, such as his earlier converses with his wife upon his affair with Abigail, in which he becomes irritable at his wives judgment, despite her making almost no mention of it. This hints that Proctor has simply not forgiven himself for this deed, and rather than face the fact would rather put its blame upon someone else. Despite this, his character becomes arguably a martyr towards the deformation and destruction of the witch trials, as they seemingly dissolve after his death proves example to many others. Perhaps Miller may be comparing himself to the admirable character of Proctor. Through their both almost unjustified prejudice, Proctor for his lack of faith in the Puritan system, and Miller for his satirical outlook on capitalism. For this reason, perhaps Miller is justifying his actions to not confide the American Federal government at a later date, throughout his comparison of it to something quite revolutionary (the desolation of persecution. )

The Cold War Essay example -- History, Global Power

The second World War brought untold suffering to million across the globe, but it also launched the United States into the position of a superpower for the next 50 years. With the utter destruction of nations across Europe, Africa, and Asia, both winners and losers, America easily assumed a dominant position in the coming international system and captured the ability to reconstruct the world using its high democratic ideals. The United States was the most powerful nation in the world. It is said that absolute power corrupts absolutely, and with postwar America it was no different. Given the unilateral power to spread its ideals of self-determination, liberty, equality, and individualism; America instead effectively subverted these principles not only around the world, but domestically as well. The unlimited global power and Cold War paranoia of the postwar years to the assassination of John F. Kennedy proved a fatal mixture to American ideals. As World War II came to a close, the Uni ted States gained the world as the most powerful country on earth; But to maintain this power it sadly reverted to the imperalism abraod and the Red Scare at home; its reversion made her loose her soul. These hypocritical actions and policies shaped a new world not set by democratic and liberal ideals of FDR’s â€Å"Four Points,† but by the power motivated creeds of repression, greed, and violence. In the race to fill the power vacuum created by World War II, the United States abandoned its civic nationalist tradition to compete with the Soviet Union and ensure its economic and political dominance around the globe. If the 18 years after the war saw unprecedented levels of U.S. power and growth around the world, it also witnessed the deterioration of the cou... ...or the rights of humankind as it claimed, but to dominant the globe in all aspects and destroy all competition. The story of the United States after World War II is one of triumph and tragedy. After almost two centuries of proclaiming liberty and freedom, the country finally had the power to pursue those ideals across the globe. Unfortunately, as the U.S. gained more power it also lost its soul, relying on policies of self interest to expand and maintain its new dominance instead of harnessing its authority to improve the world. These policies accomplished the opposite of the traditional American ideals of self-determination and liberty, instead creating an atmosphere of fear at home and a system of imperialism abroad. It is only by accepting this failure can one stop the United States’ continued policy of self interest and try to regain its great soul of freedom.

Technology and Ethics

While there is a robust debate in American society over the relation between technology and such ethical issues as democracy, localism and the environment, the introduction of technologies admits of no debate. Jerry Mander writes, â€Å"It is a melancholy fact that in our society the first waves of descriptions about new technologies invariably come from the corporations and scientists who invent and market these technologies and who have much to gain by our accepting a positive view† (Mander, 1996, 345). This is a central point: the basic issue is that the introduction of new technologies is far removed from any real democratic discussion. Such discussion always occurs in a sterile environment, always after the fact.For example, the development and mass production of the automobile was hailed almost universally as a revolutionary development. It was supposed to provide freedom of movement and make our world smaller. Such slogans also met the development of air travel, televis ion and the internet. Such things were accepted in society almost without discussion, save for a few marginalized traditionalists and agrarians who were speaking into the wind. Nevertheless, the automobile has recreated the American landscape, demanded thousands of miles of paved roads, brought civilization to small towns whether they wanted it or not, killed many millions in traffic accidents worldwide, massively increased the dependence on oil and created a massive oligarchy of corporate capital who benefits from all this.It [industrialism] also led, and leads. . . to social and political consequences: the squeezing of farm populations and the uncontrollable growth of cities, the evisceration of self-reliant communities, the enlargement of central governments, the enthronement of science as ruling ideology, a wide and increasing gap between rich and poor, and ruling values of profit, growth, property, and consumption. (Sale, 1996)Now, the general point is had all of this been know n (or theorized) in 1920, and a national discussion had taken place, would we have the mass production of automobiles?Has it, ultimately, been a good thing? Often, the common response is that â€Å"you can’t stop progress.† Such a slogan is saturated with cynicism and amorality, as if technologies were some seismic phenomenon as natural as photosynthesis. Progress is something that is, as Mander says, dictated by a handful of major corporate and government agencies who decide what shape progress will take.In addition, Mander also holds that technologies, such as nuclear power and air travel, are inherently biased politically. He writes, â€Å"To build and operate nuclear power plants requires a large, highly technical and very well-financed infrastructure. . . It can only be done by huge, centralized institutions. Without such institutions, nuclear power could not exist† (Mander, 2006, 347). Mander sees the same problems in the development of the internet.Such s peed in communications and access to information does little but assist the continued centralization of political and economic power. â€Å"In fact, it is my opinion that computer technology may be the single most important instrument ever invented for the acceleration of centralized power. While we sit at our PCs. . . .transnational corporations are using their global networks, fed by far greater resources. . . .they operate on a scale and at a speed that makes our own level of cyber-empowerment seem pathetic by comparison† (Mander, 2006, 355).Even more, such global interconnectedness, long lauded as a path to freedom and unity, brings instead, cultural leveling and a destruction of diversity. The computer revolution is a revolution that permits a handful of major cultural centers such as Hollywood to impose their view of the world into every corner of the world, and the results of this are just beginning to be seen. The issue of Hollywood and New York imposing its view of t he world to the plant is a given: the facts speak for themselves. But one then must grapple with the issue of whether or not this is a good thing? What gives Hollywood the right?The general point is that the mega-technologies have brought the world closer together and sped up the speed at which we receive information. But what are the concrete results? Could any of these results have been foreseen in the late 1970s when this technology was being developed? And if not, what does this say about democratic governance? After all, computers and automobiles have revolutionized our society with far more direct results than who gets elected president. But again, there is no democratic control over these intimate invasions of our lives and the technologies themselves not only assume centralized control, but provide the agencies of centralization with greater and greater resources.Mander’s thesis is that technology is already biased in terms of centralization and statism. In other word s, the technological revolution, which clothed itself in the mantle of freedom and progress, in fact needs a huge centralized apparatus of physical, technical, educational, political and economic forms. The technologies that have revolutionized our society have both created and in fact, assumed the existence of a radically altered landscape that touches every element of human life.The technical apparatus that must be in place to electrify an entire continent must be huge, not to mention the standing armies that must be in place to defend the corridors of energy transmission such as oil pipelines. Technology is political, and most certainly, is not isolated from the remainder of life. Technology has, in the20th century â€Å"second industrial revolution,† touched every aspect of human life without a vote taken.All technologies have consequences, inevitable and built in, and imperatives, just as inevitable, essentially separate from human dictates and desires. Norbert Wiener, t he mathematician who was the founder of modern cybernetics, has written about â€Å"technical determinants† dictated by â€Å"the very nature† of machines, and of the steam engine he noted that it automatically leads to large and ever larger scales because it can power so many separate machines at once, to ever increasing production because it must pay back its high investment and operating costs, and to centralization and specialization because factors of efficiency and economy supersede those of, say, craftsmanship or esthetic expression. (Sale, 1996).Nevertheless, there can be no discussion of these topics without that of ideology. Technology does have its own ideology, and it needs to be â€Å"unpacked.† One might summarize this point of view this way: First, that technology has its own trajectory that is independent of the will of mankind. This can be challenged by the simple fact that all technological innovations of recent memory have been developed in a corporate setting under corporate rules for profit. Men have financed and created these things. But they have not financed or created these things blindly, as part of some â€Å"natural and inevitable process.† They have been created according to a scheme of thought.Second, this scheme of thought is that happiness is a matter of technological progress and the accumulation of capital. In other words, the person that has the better car, high tech stereos and I-Pods, must, in general, be happier than one that does not, or has older, outdated equipment. Yet, there is no evidence for this, one would have a tough time pointing to research that says people are happier or less stressed now than they were 1,000 years ago.Third,   the â€Å"market† is in control over whether or not technology is accepted and hence, democratically justifiable is often heard. In other words, the â€Å"democracy† problem is solved by the market itself. If new technologies are invented and marketed, people can choose to buy or not to buy. But is it that simple? One who buys the latest inventions is progressive, while the other is regressive. To have an 8-track player in one’s car is an occasion for mockery, regardless of the satisfaction one gets from having such â€Å"vintage† equipment. Advertising and marketing campaigns are not projected to one’s reason, but to one’s base passions, to be considered acceptable, lovable and intelligent, rather than boorish and ignorant. The acceptance or rejection of technology also partakes of these components as well.I think that in general, these arguments are universally seen as undergirding and justifying the immense power of technology in modern societies, and in fact, even defining what â€Å"modern† actually is. While technology is taken for granted, the beginnings of a serious discussion can only begin when the basic assumptions of a technological life are unpacked. What are the assumption s and promises, and to what extent has the high-tech society succeeded in meeting these expectations? It might be unreflectively held that people who lived 1,000 years ago were uniformly miserable and ignorant, yet serious research into that field has succeeded in smashing that silly myth, but it still remains the domain of eccentric specialists.Yet such a view undergirds much discussion on the question of technology and its role in society. Technology and its thought-apparatus have succeeded even in rewriting history to suit itself: people were miserable and ignorant up until the 19th century. It is difficult to see how the high-tech society can justify itself in any other way. But the nature of any â€Å"discussion† must have teeth. In other words, it must be attached to the ability of communities and families to break away from the grid and being living different, wholesome lives. Sterile academic â€Å"discussions† do nothing but justify faculty salaries. Such talk must have a revolutionary purpose, to shift the movement of progress as Bookchin sees it: from technological gigantism to miniaturism, starting with the means by which the machines are powered.Given the above arguments, Kirkpatrick Sale has written substantially on the rebellion, both historical and modern, of the land versus the machine, the ultimate bi-modality in this discussion. His argument nicely dovetails with Mander in many respects. The first question is the difference between technology and a system of production. Mander holds that there is no difference, that machinery depends on a huge, centralized system of life and thought, the â€Å"bureaucratic man.† On the other hand, Sale holds that the real revolution was in the development of the steam engine.For him, this was the first time that an invention came into existence completely independent of nature, rather than actually using it. Just as importantly, this invention also made the quantum jump from the world of local machines to an entire system of production and life. Steam created the modern factory and its discipline that derive from it (Sale, 1996). In other words, the development of steam took the organic community and plugged it into a world of production dominated by a handful of elites. But this should be noted: that it has been the issue of how machines are powered that led to the creation of the first â€Å"grid.†Again, the issue comes back to that of energy. With this, the more optimistic view of Bookchin makes more sense, since it is really not machinery per se, but the means by which they are powered that is non-liberatory in its tendency. Bookchin seems to say that the reduction of power to solar and wind sources (among other natural sources) is both inevitable (as oil runs out and coal is too dirty) and morally demanded if decentralization and true local democracy are to become a reality.In his â€Å"Five Facets of a Myth† Sale asks the simple question: has th e 400 years since the Industrial revolution produces more or less happiness for humanity (as a whole)? Has it produced more equality, more justice, less work, less stress, more mental stability, for humanity as a whole? What were the promises of the technological revolution? These arguments, from Bacon to Compte have been nothing less than plenty, peace, less work and stress, a veritable utopia of production where drudgery would disappear. Diseases would be cured, wars ended and mental illness a thing of the past. But has industrialism and technology carried through on these promises? And what has been the cost of the convenience that industry has created?It seems that Mander, Bookchin and Sale would all agree that the promises of industrialism and the technological revolution have not been fulfilled. As one sort of knowledge is brought forward, some others are left behind. All that does not conform to the English model of industrialization (or industrialization in general), is dism issively called â€Å"backward† and â€Å"primitive,† as terms of abuse.II. Society, Churches and the Technological RevolutionAs a matter of course, society seems to be a passive victim of the propaganda of the industrialists. Technology has invaded every corner of human life, altering landscapes of entire continents. All of this has been done long before any kind of debate has been engaged. This is the central problem. On the whole, churches have accepted the technological revolution with little protest. There are small exceptions: the Russian Old Believers, the Amish, some traditional Roman Catholic and Orthodox writers have detailed the problems, both moral and social, of technology and its dominance over life.One promising area of research has been developed by the green anarchists, who have taken at least some of their material from the erstwhile Murray Bookchin, who advocated a humanized technology detached from centralized structures. Solar power is the perennia l example, since it is relatively easy to install and is off a grid, in other words, it need not be connected into any larger structures of power. Bookchin, in his 1970 Post Scarcity Anarchism, contains a powerful essay called â€Å"Toward a Liberatory Technology.†The early date of this publication makes it of great interest in modern writings against the technological revolution. Bookchin is far more optimistic than Mander, and holds that the movement in this revolution is toward the small scale: computers and machinery in general are getting physically smaller and using less and less energy. This movement is a good thing and can assist in the building of a new, decentralized society (Bookchin, 1970, 59).A liberated society, I believe, will not want to negate technology precisely because it has liberated and can strike a balance. It may well want to assimilate the machine to artistic craftsmanship. By this I mean that the machine will remove the toil from the productive proc ess, leaving its artistic completion to man. The machine, in effect, will participate in human creativity. . . In a liberated community the combination of industrial machines and craftsmans tools could reach a degree of sophistication and of creative interdependence unparalleled in any period of human history (Bookchin, 1970, 80).The distinction between Mander and Bookchin in clear: For the former, technology is inherently biased, at least in its present manifestation. Mander, like Bookchin, holds that solar and wind power is the wave of the future, and, in general, can mean that life â€Å"off the grid† is quite possible, enhancing independence and local control over events. The central issue here is democracy and local control: off-grid means local control, and cultural and economic lives are not necessarily dictated by distant banks, the Federal Reserve or the global economy, none of which the average community has any control over. But in Bookchin’s case, the indus trial revolution already contains the seeds of its decentralization and hence, sees in the industrial revolution seeds of a new, liberated society. In general, by the term â€Å"liberated† Bookchin means independent of centralized sources of control.One interesting source of Christian radicalism has been the monastery. Here, especially in its Orthodox foundations, the technological revolution has been held at bay. For example, the Platina, California monastery of St. Herman is completely off grid. They have no running water or electricity, and grow most of their own food (Damascene, 2002). Their grounds are beautiful and spacious, and since they are vegetarians, hunting is prohibited (as is the case for all Orthodox monasteries). Their diet is very simple yet extremely healthy, and the community is growing. They run a major publishing house on generator power run by solar panels. The Platina experience has become central for giving an example of how to live a happy, healthy l ife without dependence on the system of interlocking systems of control which is meant by the term â€Å"grid.†Another example might be the St. Mary’s community in St. Mary’s Kansas. This is a Roman Catholic community that only partially controls the small town of St. Mary’s. They seek to live their lives simply and peacefully in prayer and honest labor. It is not a monastery and families thrive there, but they have already received several visits from the FBI, paranoid that a â€Å"cult† was at work there. If anything, such communities have an uphill climb from the state as well as the media, whose coverage of the community has been uniformly hostile and uncomprehending. (cf. http://www.smac.edu, St. Mary’s Academy page, with some information on the community as a whole).One can surmise with a great deal of justification that the average American family has embraced technology as â€Å"inevitable,† without fully understanding the com plex consequences of such technologies. Slowly but surely however, the rather marginalized monastics, anarchists and greens have made somewhat of an impact. But if Bookchin is correct, the smaller scale of newer technologies will make a freer life possible with rather small changes in social consciousness. What seems to be at the center is the nature of power. If power can be locally created through bio-mass or solar energy, then technology can become liberatory. The grid seems to be based on power, i.e. energy, more than anything else though it cannot be limited to that.Every community would approximate local or regional autarky. It would seek to achieve wholeness, because wholeness produces complete, rounded men who live in a symbiotic relationship with their environment. Even if a substantial portion of the economy fell within the sphere of a national division of labor, the overall economic weight of a society would still rest with the community (Bookchin, 1970, 83).The central g ood here is independence. But it is difficult to square the American interest in â€Å"environmental politics† with anything other than a fashionable political cause. It is hard to see how such a superficial commitment can be brought to bear on the rather humane anarchism and communitarianism of Bookchin. It seems that for the moment, the experiments such as Platina will remain marginalized and unappealing to the masses. The debate might continue, but, for better or worse, that does not stop the â€Å"inevitable wheel of progress† from spinning.A recent study from Cornell University suggests that most of Americans are strongly beginning to question the issue of genetically engineered foods. This technology was gradually introduced into food production largely unbeknownst to the American public. Hence, since about two-thirds of American food is so processed, the â€Å"debate† is largely a moot one. Nevertheless, Cornell claims that there has been a â€Å"slight but significant shift over time towards a little less support [for genetically engineered foods] and more risk perception† (Bio-Medicine, 2005).What are the conclusions we can reach here? The first might be that the more practical questions of the ethic of technology must be brought under a more general heading: this heading has been dealt with above and is the relationship of technology to liberty and democracy. All other goods flow from this. If one can show that technology has led to a stressed, mentally unbalanced and mechanized society, then one must be able to reform the system and bring to bear new insights. If machinery is harmful to democracy and local control, then it needs to be eliminated, or at least, highly modified in the way that Bookchin proposes. Hiding behind arguments about the   â€Å"inevitable† nature of â€Å"technical progress† will not do, but these only beg the question.Second, the question of technology and ethics is central to moder n societies, and needs to be taken out of the classroom and into the Congress and the public square. These issues are not about the â€Å"environment† per se, but the environment is just an appendage of the more important questions concerning the nature of centralized economic control (whether from the state or corporate America, or an alliance of both) and its intimate relation to the history of technological progress. This is the bedrock issue of technology and its relation to ethics, that is, to freedom and autonomy. Freedom and autonomy, therefore, must also be the bedrock of a democratic order.A Model Syllabus: A Brief IntroductionThis seminar is entitled Technology and Democracy, and will meet five times. It will incorporate film, written work and discussion. All points of view are welcome and encouraged. Nevertheless, it should be made clear that the basic issues are defined as the relationship of technology and the sources of its creation and marketing with democracy, equality and safety. The issues below are meant to illustrate these basic themes from varying fields of study. This syllabus is meant to take the basic insights above, that is, the relationship of democracy to technology (as the center of technological ethics) and bring it to bear on more practical pursuits such as medicine or computer science.Day IThe question of technology and childrenReadings to have prepared beforehand:Parens, Eric (2006) Surgically Shaping Children: Technology, Ethics and the Pursuit of Noramality. Johns Hopkins University PressThis work will be the main topic of the first meeting. Discussion and workshops will follow concerning the impact of technology on raising children. Topics will include, sex selection and abortion, genetic engineering and, importantly, the medicating of children, especially boys. Basic issues of sexism (especially anti-male bias) will be discussedDay IIEthics and Health Care TechnologyReadings to have prepared beforehandAnderson, James (2002) Ethics and Information Technology: A Care Based Approach to a Health Care System in Transition. Springer Books.The discussion will center upon the nature of genetic engineering in the realm of medicine and ethics. But what needs to be stressed is the connection between the corporate or state control of medicine and the nature of ethics and centralized power.A video will also be shown:Sulmasy, Daniel (2004) Dignity, Vulnerability and Care of the Patient. St. Vincent’s Medical Center. 55 min (available at http://www.providence.org/oregon/programs_and_services/ethics/e15clips.htm)Day IIIReadings to have prepared beforehandEthics and Weapons TechnologyBrigetedy, Ruben (2007) Ethics, Technology and the American Way of War. Routledge.This component will concern technology and the development of weapons. There is no separate between the industrial revolution and the development of mass warfare and extremely high-casualty wars. Technology must face this element of itself, its promises to bring humanity peace and plenty are belied by the fact that technology has all of the most deadly weapons known to man. Science, in other words, is not intrinsically liberating, it can also enslave.Day IVEthics and Information TechnologyReadings to have prepared beforehandStamatellos, Giannis (2007) Computer Ethics: A Global Perspective. Jones and BartlettThis part of the seminar will deal with the issues involved in computer technology and privacy. This is a central issue in today’s economy and must be dealt with. Issues such as Pay-Pal and Ebay will be discussed, as well as the potential for fraud and abuse.Day VEthics and mental HealthReadings to have prepared beforehandDyer, Allen (1988) Ethics and Psychiatry. American Psychiatric Association PublicationsMental health and pharmaceuticals are important areas of ethics today. Tens of millions throughout the world are currently on legal, pharmaceuticals for mental illness. Hence, the issue goes right to the heart of this course: the intimacy of technology to the average person. In this case, the technology goes straight to the brain and manipulates the chemistry, altering the personality for better or worse. But at the same time, these medications are marketed for profit, hence creating a moral quandary: is the prescription of these medications medically necessary or even proper? Is the profit motive center stage here, or the science of medicine, and even more, to what extent has this science been controlled by the profit motive itself?Students will end the seminar with a brief presentation concerning one of the these five topics relative to the main topic: the relation of technology to democracy and liberty.Bibliography:â€Å"American Opinions are Split on Genetically Engineered Food.† Bio Medicine News. 2005. (Bio-medicine.org)Bookchin, Murray (1970) Post Scarcity Anarchism. AK Press.Damascene, Fr. (2003). Fr. Seraphim Rose: His Life and Works. St. Herman’s Press (Fr. Seraph im founded the settlement at Platina, CA)Mander, Jerry (2006). â€Å"Technologies of Globalization.† in Mander, ed. The Case Against the Global Economy. Sierra Club Books. 344-359Sale, Kirkpatrick (1996) Rebels Against the Future. Basic Books(nd) â€Å"Five Facets of a Myth.† Primitivism Online Journal. (Primitivism.org)

Organic Foods The Real Deal Essay - 551 Words

The growth of the organic food industry has been drastic, growing at a rate of 20% annually since 1990. Consumers think that organic foods have more nutritional value, better taste, and have a smaller environmental footprint. Consumers have been willing to spend 10% to 40% more than their traditional counterpart. However, there is little evidence that organic food contains more nutrients, has a better taste, or has less of an environmental impact than traditional foods. In a recent study conducted at the University of Michigan, researchers discovered consumers tended to believe that organic food is more nutritious non organic food. However, the American Cancer Society has noted: It is commonly thought that organic foods may be more†¦show more content†¦Mineral content may be affected by the soil such as iron; nevertheless there is no significant difference by these two farming methods in terms of nutritional content. Another common belief about organic food tastes better. Taste is influenced by many factors such as freshness, which is dependent on the collection methods, production speed and shipment times of goods. In a test with organic vegetables conducted by the University of Hawaii, researchers discovered â€Å"There was a certain difference in taste, But the organic food did not taste any better.† There also has been some debate if organic farming has been beneficial to the environment as perceived by consumers. Although, organic farming does not utilize pesticides, the process by which crops and livestock are grown can be just as dangerous if not fully understood. The USDA requires organic farms to grow produce without the use of synthetic fertilizers. Therefore, farmers must use poop from organically fed animals. This method may lead to cross E-coli, and Salmonella to be cross contaminated in the food supply. Furthermore the byproduct of the animals used to fertilize produces methane, which produce 23 times more greenhouse gasses than planes and automobiles. In addition as many as 40% of organic food are from foreign countries and, 300 of them are in China, This consequently leaves a bigger carbon footprint to ship the products. Foods labeled as Organic do not have any special properties thatShow MoreRelatedThe Benefits of Organic Foods1149 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Benefits of Organic Foods Introduction: In spite of the fact that organic foods have been proved to have a better effect on peoples health in comparison to conventional foods served in supermarkets, the fact that people continue to buy their food without expressing interest in its provenience makes it possible for one to understand that the masses have failed to comprehend the full complexity of the problem at hand. People need to understand that the You are what you eat expression appliesRead MoreMkt 113: Final Project Part I Milestone Two Essay1098 Words   |  5 PagesAll-Organic Pet Food Brett M. Chrestman Southern New Hampshire University The company is opening an independent pet store and they want to market an all-natural pet food called, Mother Natures All-Organic Pet Food. They want to make sure they market the product to the best of their ability to maximize profits and deliver customers a product they can justify the expensive price. It delivers what they promise unlike a majority of the competitors. Most of them offer a semi-organic pet foodRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Food Matters 1707 Words   |  7 Pagestaking interest in the ethical issues of food. On the other hand, several authors in the book â€Å"Food Matters; A Bedford Spotlight Reader†, not only take an interest in the issues, but bring the matters into light. Peter Singer writes about the inhumane way animals are raised, and how there is no need to eat meat or use animal made products. Sally Kohn tells of the injustice way food workers are treated. And, finally Eliot Coleman writes about how the word organic has changed because compani es want toRead MoreMarketing Plan For Whole Foods Essay1319 Words   |  6 Pagesnatural foods. Based on a simple but effective business model, Whole Foods has grown to a position of market leadership that is now being challenged by low-cost organic sellers. According to Feldman (as cited in Giammona, 2015) â€Å"Whole Foods continues to face challenges from competitors going after organic and natural foods more aggressively†(para. 4). The company s differentiation edge against lower-cost competitors is fading as competitors have been successfully emulating the Whole Foods experienceRead MoreGovernment Food Label Requirements : Food Labeling1359 Words   |  6 PagesGovernment Food Label Requirements With all of the information readily available on the internet and news broadcasts it is hard not to hear about the government food labeling controversy currently going on. There are people who want to label genetically modified, organic and natural foods and then there are some who want to do away with all of the labels for one reason or another. Government mandated food labels are a big deal right now because everyone has an opinion about it. A main cause ofRead MoreTaking a Look at the Omnivores Dilemma1267 Words   |  5 Pagesam I exactly eating? Where does our food come from? Why should I care? â€Å"The Omnivore’s Dilemma† may forever change the way you think about food. I enjoyed Mr. Pollan’s book, â€Å"The Omnivore’s Dilemma† and learned a great deal of information. Pollan’s book is a plea for us to stop and think for a moment about our whole process of eating. Pollan sets out to corn fields and natural farms, goes hunting and fora ging, all in the name of coming to terms with where food really comes from in modern AmericaRead MoreAnalysis of Kudlers Marketing Strategy and Position1021 Words   |  4 PagesKudler Fine Foods An Analysis of Kudlers Marketing Strategy and Position Introduction Kudler Fine Foods is a remarkable small business that has a solid business model. In just a few years time, the company has been able to expand their operations to new retail locations as well as expanding the model to offer catering services as well. Despite the initial success Kudler has achieved, the expansion of the business will dictate that the company reevaluates their market position. There are manyRead MoreU.s. Agriculture And Agricultural Productivity1073 Words   |  5 Pagesconsumers. In a fast establishing sector now governed by just a handful of players, Bayer AG’s $66 billion deal with U.S.-based Monsanto Co. has significant negative implications for farmers and the industry. Both are major manufacturers of agrochemicals, seeds and genetically modified crops. There are concerns that such genetic engineering cuts down on natural biodiversity and exposes the food supply to risk from disease and unpredictable weather. â€Å"To narrow the competition must always b e againstRead MoreGenetically Modified Food For Organic Food882 Words   |  4 Pagesgenetically modified food before I take this course. Maybe I did, but I just never paid attention to it until now due to lack of interest on the topic. I ve heard of inorganic and organic food all the time though. I thought that farmers or manufacturers apply some sort of chemicals on the product to make them better in inorganic food. So to me, it was not a big of a deal because not only they try to make the product better but I also notice that inorganic food are way cheaper than organic food. EverytimeRead MoreDescription Of A Shopping Holiday1357 Words   |  6 PagesA Shopping Holiday Are you hungry for some healthful eats? Craving some good wine? Maybe you re just hankering for a great deal. Then let s take a stroll down to the docks and pay a visit to old Trader Joe. If you re lucky enough to find parking –it seems most Trader Joes have rather limited parking lots– you’re on your way to an adventure in grocery shopping. As you pass through the magical sliding glass doors, you enter another world, a fascinating bustle of excitement, smiles and wholesome